Friday, March 30, 2007
The Future of Catholicism: Vatican Council III?
The Second Vatican Council was somewhat ambiguous. It opened the windows to other Churches, to the modern world and to the future. Such action has led to many changes in the life of the Church, some new emphasis on official doctrine; in some ways it also appears that the Council seemed to have acknowledged some pluralism in the Church’s life. The Council raised much hope or fears of more radical changes, the situation back then could have been one of considerable uncertainty.
Yet, the Council was often conservative, taking great care to be loyal to the papacy and to previous councils. In fact it is this conservative side that the new catechism proclaims! This was done either by the changing of the order of the subject matter, the selection of one quotation over another, placing stress on old doctrines that have been left untouched, or by reviving doctrines that the Council left unmentioned. The mood was probably different from the confusing but ‘creative’ 60’s. The intention of John Paul was to stabilize and unite the Church in one theology and one discipline. Personally, I liked the fact that the Vatican did not bless what has become the current usage where the language reflects the challenge of feminism. For example, the translation refers to ‘men’ instead of ‘people’ or ‘all’.
Yet, the Council was often conservative, taking great care to be loyal to the papacy and to previous councils. In fact it is this conservative side that the new catechism proclaims! This was done either by the changing of the order of the subject matter, the selection of one quotation over another, placing stress on old doctrines that have been left untouched, or by reviving doctrines that the Council left unmentioned. The mood was probably different from the confusing but ‘creative’ 60’s. The intention of John Paul was to stabilize and unite the Church in one theology and one discipline. Personally, I liked the fact that the Vatican did not bless what has become the current usage where the language reflects the challenge of feminism. For example, the translation refers to ‘men’ instead of ‘people’ or ‘all’.
Despite this restoration- a genuine catechism faithful to the essential content of Revelation and up to date in method. There seems to be some danger that the detailed catechism which has been authorized solemnly may be used in a manner that would be alien to the spirit of the majority in the council, by not allowing enough local liberty.The most significant change in Church history could probably be change from the Church as being a fortress repelling enemies by firing off dogmas to being the Church as the pilgrim people of God, loving God and God’s world, moving into a future with joyful faith. To this change, I sing te duem. This is also a ‘sign of the times’. In the 90’s two-thirds of Catholics lived in Europe and North America. Now more than three-quarters of the much larger numbers live in Latin America, Asia and Africa. As the Council registered, “the Church has become more educated and humble”. The Second Vatican II Council is likely to be the last Council to be dominated by Europe. The Church has become less white, less rich and more distant from the Vatican. The consequences of both these revolutionary developments will set the agenda for future Popes. Many of the challenges that will confront the Church and the Holy Father will be more or less the same throughout the Church, regardless of locality.
Future Popes would have inherited a severe decline in the number of priests. Many are leaving the priesthood. This decline has encouraged lay movement, like in the days of the apostles; a small compensation. However, priests- no matter how young or dedicated- would be too few to provide the sacraments, care and teaching to those who look to them. The Vatican estimates one priest to seven thousand Catholics in South America as a whole, and one to four thousand in Africa. I’m not advocating, but could this be inter alia, due to the restriction on priests to marry? This could have been the wishes of potential priests to carry out their human right of marriage.
The rising movement to release female talent in Church (as well as society) would be another issue. Certainly (and hopefully) the option of Priesthood is closed. However, an easier option to consider would be the deaconate, as Phoebe certainly was when St. Paul wrote to the Church over which you now preside (Romans 16:1-2).
Perhaps one of the hardest decisions that would have to be made would be the from the multitudes of Catholic laity that sexual intercourse which transmits love need not be always be open to the transmission of life. Would artificial contraception be allowed? In all the weight of Roman authority the answer would definitely be a resounding ‘No’. However, considering the expected doubling of the world’s population (at least twelve billion), how are Catholic clergy to regain the respect of the laity as teachers of sexual morality?
Our future Pope, whoever he may be, would inherit the legacy of many centuries. Will he be open to the possibility of substantial changes or remain conservative- faithful to Roman Catholic tradition?
We are not far from the day where we’ll hear the wide ranging criticisms coming from all corners of the Church. We need to ask ourselves: What is the authority of Sacred Scripture and of the Church? What is the heart of the Christian faith? What diversity in its expressions is right? What is sex for and what is the priesthood for?
In the sixteenth century, nationalist policies increased the force of the Protestant question: What is the authority of the Bible? In the twenty-first century, the importance of sexuality in human life may fuel explosive power to the Catholic question: What is the authority of the Church?
It can be foreseen that the future Popes would have voices coming from their own heart, warning him not to divide the Church whose unity is entrusted to him. He would also look upon Protestantism and be reminded of the innumerable divisions that we created by men and women who followed their own private judgments in defiance of the mind of the Church. He would be warned not to sacrifice the truth entrusted to his guardianship for modernism, post-modernism, agnosticism, materialism, and other passing fashions of a godless age.
We need to pray unceasingly that the ‘deposit of faith’ will be guarded conservatively, as it was under John Paul II or Paul VI or John XXIII as well as Pius XII and his predecessors.
Many marvelous and creative changes have taken place in the history of the Roman Catholic Church, including the papacy. It is Divine Will that the Church has survived the might of the Roman Empire’s persecutions, and the corruption of her own wealth and power, to be the centre of great civilization of medieval Europe. It was by the grace of God that the Council of Trent inaugurated a Catholic Reformation, pouring new energy into the life and mission of the Church after a period when it had seemed that despite many scandals reform was impossible. Likewise, it was grace that brought forth the Second Vatican II Council, changing Catholic thought and life, after a period when it was widely assumed that no further council would be necessary and the only tendency would be an ever-increasing weight of authority and dogma.
Would it be too bold of me to suggest the dangerous duty to convene the Third Vatican Council? In like of (true) ecumenism, which Vatican II blessed, it seems logical that a third council be convened to have many uncomfortable voices heard. And that dialogue could mark the beginning of full restoration of communion with each other and with the Christ who cannot be divided.
Echoing the words spoken in Rome in 1967 by Athenagoras, Patriarch of Constantinople:
The Bishop of Rome who is “the bearer of apostolic grace and the successor to a shinning company of holy and wise men who have shed lustre on this see which, by honor and rank, stands first in the living body of Christian Churches dispersed throughout the world; and whose holiness, wisdom and valiant fight for the common faith of the undivided Church are a permanent asset and treasure for the entire world”. May God the life-giving Holy Spirit guide our Popes
so that they may teach truth and practice love.
Labels: Catechism of the Catholic Church, Catholic Belief, Eucmenism, Holy Father, Priesthood, Second Vatican Council, Thoughts, Vatican
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